中庸

英语法语

中庸

《中庸》是儒家经典的《四书》之一。原是《小戴礼记》第三十一篇，作者现学术界普遍认为是子思及其弟子多人所作。也有学者认为可能是由儒家学者在战国写成。宋朝学者对《中庸》非常推崇，而将其从《礼记》中抽出独立成书，朱熹则将其与《论语》、《孟子》、《大学》合编为《四书》。《中庸》在字面上的解释即是“中道及常理”之意。而执中又当求“中和”，在一个人还没有表现出喜怒哀乐时的平静情绪为“中”，表现出情绪之后经过调整而符合常理为“和”。其主旨在于修养人性。

本书包括208个单句。

The Doctrine of the Mean is one of the four classics of the Confucian classics. Originally the thirty-first article of "Little Dai Li Ji", the author is generally considered by the academic community to be made by many people and their disciples. Some scholars believe that it may have been written by Confucian scholars in the Warring States. Scholars of the Song Dynasty highly praised the Doctrine of the Mean, and extracted it from the Book of Rites, and Zhu Xi co-edited it with The Analects of Confucius, Mencius and University. The literal interpretation of "The Doctrine of the Mean" is the meaning of "middle way and common sense." In the middle of the process, he also seeks "neutralization". When a person has not shown the emotions of emotions, he is "middle". After expressing emotions, he is adjusted to conform to common sense as "harmony." Its main purpose is to cultivate humanity.

作者

子思，春秋战国之际儒家学派的主要代表人物之一，历史上称之为“述圣”，他开创的学派被称为“子思之儒”，与孟子并称为思孟学派。其主要作品有《汉书·艺文志》著录《子思》二十三篇，已佚。

Zi Si, one of the main representatives of the Confucian school in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, was called "Sacred" in history. The school he founded was called "Confucianism of Zi Si", and Mencius was called the Simmon School. His main works include Yiwen Zhi from Hanshu, which recorded twenty-three articles of "Zi Si".

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《中庸》

理雅各(James Legge，1815年-1897年)是近代英国著名汉学家，曾任香港英华书院校长，伦敦布道会传教士。他是第一个系统研究、翻译中国古代经典的人，从1861年到1886年的25年间，将《四书》、《五经》等中国主要典籍全部译出，共计28卷，他也是儒莲翻译奖的第一个获得者。1840年1873年间，理雅各作为伦敦传教会传教士，在马六甲以及香港传教，他也是牛津大学的第一位汉语教授。理雅格的多卷本《中国经典》、《法显行传》、《中国的宗教:儒教、道教与基督教的对比》和《中国编年史》等著作在西方汉学界占有重要地位。

James Legge (20 December 1815 – 29 November 1897) was a Scottish sinologist, missionary, and scholar, best known as an early and prolific translator of Classical Chinese texts into English. The Chinese Classics earned him the first Prix Stanislas Julien. Legge served as a representative of the London Missionary Society in Malacca and Hong Kong (1840–1873) and was the first Professor of Chinese at Oxford University (1876–1897). In association with Max Müller he prepared the monumental Sacred Books of the East series, published in 50 volumes between 1879 and 1891.

《中庸》

柯大卫(David Collie) （-1828）是19世纪初期伦敦会派往马六甲的传教士, 曾随马礼逊学习中文，后任教于英华书院，是该院的第三任院长。主持英华书院期间,著译了十几种中英作品,培养了一批熟悉中西文化的学生,在19世纪初期的中西文化交流史上占有一席之地。

David Collie (- 1828) was a missionary sent to Malacca by London in the early nineteenth century. He studied Chinese with Morrison and later taught at the Anglo-Chinese Academy. He was the third Dean of the Academy. During presiding over the English-Chinese Academy, he translated more than a dozen Chinese and English works, trained a group of students familiar with Chinese and Western culture, and occupied a place in the history of cultural exchange between China and the West in the early 19th century.

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作者